Preprints
There are 2534 Preprints listed.
The feasibility principle in community ecology
Published: 2024-12-09
Subjects: Life Sciences
The structure and function of ecological communities emerge from the interactions among populations within specific environmental contexts. Yet, it remains unclear whether general principles can explain the patterns and transitions of ecological communities across diverse settings. Identifying such principles is crucial for guiding conservation and restoration efforts aimed at mitigating the [...]
Code-sharing policies are associated with increased reproducibility potential of ecological findings
Published: 2024-12-09
Subjects: Life Sciences
Software code (e.g., analytical code) is increasingly recognised as an important research output because it improves transparency, collaboration, and research credibility. Many scientific journals have introduced code-sharing policies; however, surveys have shown alarmingly low compliance with these policies. In this study, we expanded on a recent survey of ecological journals with code-sharing [...]
Transparency and reproducibility in invasion science
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Botany, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences, Plant Sciences
Policymakers and practitioners overseeing invasive species management depend on reliable research for guidance. Transparency and reproducibility are core features of reliable research, and prerequisites for outcomes to be independently replicated within the same or different systems. These features are evidently lacking in many science disciplines, including Ecology. In this Discussion [...]
Synthesis of nature’s extravaganza: an augmented meta-meta-analysis on (putative) sexual signals
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Behavior and Ethology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Evolution
Colourful body parts and bizarre displays that do not seem to contribute to the survival of individuals that express them have puzzled biologists for centuries. Sexual selection theory posits that these traits evolved because more conspicuous individuals attract more mates and experience greater fitness, yet evidence for this remains fragmented. Our augmented meta-meta-analysis of 41 [...]
Different sources of wind turbine data produce sharp differences in collision risk estimates for foraging vultures
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Biodiversity, Environmental Monitoring, Systems Biology, Zoology
Multiple studies assessed the collision risk of different vulture species with wind turbines. However, they relied on different sources of wind turbine data, and the effect of this data heterogeneity, on the estimated collision risk and the comparability of these assessments, has not been investigated. We used GPS and accelerometer data, collected from 6 adult Griffon Vultures living in Sardinia [...]
Unbaited underwater video evidences the presence of previ-ously unrecorded fish species, sea krait (Laticauda sp.) and a high frequency of sharks at a remote reef complex (Coral Sea Marine Park, Southwest Pacific)
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences, Marine Biology
The Chesterfield-Bellona atolls and reefs are a vast reef complex located in the Coral Sea Marine Park, estab-lished in 2014 in the New Caledonian Economic Exclusive Zone. In 2013, the New Caledonia government supported the first assessment of fish and benthic habitats conducted in all habitats and over the entire area. The assessment provided a primary knowledge base for establishing the [...]
Advancing Plant Biomass Measurements: Integrating Smartphone-based 3D Scanning Techniques for Enhanced Ecosystem Monitoring
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Life Sciences
New technological developments open novel possibilities for widely applicable methods of ecosystem analyses. We investigated a novel approach using smartphone-based 3D scanning for non-destructive, high-resolution monitoring of above-ground plant biomass. This method leverages Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques with widely accessible smartphone apps and subsequent computing to generate [...]
Experimental tests on the evolution of sex and recombination and their adaptive significance
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Life Sciences
Sex and recombination generate genetic variation and facilitate adaptation by reducing selective interference, but they can also disrupt genotype combinations maintained by selection. We here synthesize recent experimental evolution studies on the adaptive consequences of sex and recombination in constant environments, emphasizing insights gained from population genomic data. We discuss evidence [...]
One Earth + One Health: An agile, evolutionary, system-of-systems, convergence paradigm for societal challenges of the Anthropocene
Published: 2024-12-06
Subjects: Education, Engineering, Life Sciences, Medicine and Health Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Evolutionary mechanisms enabled humans to profoundly transform Earth systems. Because the resulting Anthropocene systems are highly interdependent and dynamically evolving, often with accelerating rates of cultural and technological evolution, the ensuing family of societal challenges must be framed and addressed in a holistic fashion. An agile, evolutionary, system-of-systems, convergence [...]
Self-organising natural selection from replicating molecules to multicellular sexually reproducing organisms
Published: 2024-12-02
Subjects: Life Sciences
During their evolution from molecular replicators over unicellular prokaryotes and protozoa to multicellular sexually reproducing organisms, biological lifeforms increased in size with heritable gene replication increasingly embedded in more and more organised replicating units. Natural selection theory did not explain this evolutionary unfolding for 150 years, consolidating Darwinian evolution [...]
Evolutionary principles shape the health of humanity as a planetary-scale organism
Published: 2024-12-02
Subjects: Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
A study of human social systems at planetary scale examines whether our technology, economy, culture, and flows of information are component-processes in a unified, living system. Through a biological lens of structure, function, and geographic mapping of social systems, we consider this total human ecosystem from evolutionary and developmental principles. The health of this system depends on its [...]
Withdrawn: Temperature-related developmental plasticity, not selection, affects offspring body size and shape in a bird of prey
Published: 2024-11-29
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Recent climate warming has led to a reduction in bird body size and a relative elongation of their appendages, consistent with Bergmann’s and Allen’s ecogeographical rules. These changes are generally interpreted as thermoregulatory adaptations for more efficient passive heat dissipation; however, direct evidence supporting this assumption is currently missing, and laboratory studies failed to [...]
Home of the brave: is similarity of defensive behavior of Neotropical snakes (Dipsadidae: Pseudoboini) predicted by sympatry?
Published: 2024-11-29
Subjects: Life Sciences
Predation is a strong driver of prey behavior and sympatric species are exposed to similar selective predatory pressures.We test the hypothesis that this leads to similar anti-predator behaviors using the widespread Neotropical snake tribe Pseudoboini. We reviewed and compiled documented defensive behaviors for all species, adding new unreported behaviors for three species. We used a cluster [...]
Stronger together? A framework for studying population resilience to climate change impacts via social shielding
Published: 2024-11-28
Subjects: Life Sciences
1. Climate change is driving a rapid increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events, leading to substantial alterations in climate patterns and other environmental conditions. These changes are often degrading habitats and increasing thermal, water, and nutritional stress for animals, thereby elevating general stress levels and imposing energetic costs. 2. Social behaviours [...]
Enhancing Canopy Research in Africa: Insights from Tree Climbing Workshop in Ghana
Published: 2024-11-28
Subjects: Biodiversity, Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Entomology
The report shares the background and experience executing a tree climbing workshop in Ghana. In most cases, canopy research in Africa is conducted under the umbrella of parachute science, leaving local scientists deprived of canopy access skills and equipment. Consequently, tropical Africa experiences a closed canopy so far as canopy ecology is concerned. In May 2024, ten (10) early career [...]