Preprints

Filtering by Subject: Environmental Studies

The role of non-English-language science in informing national biodiversity assessments

Tatsuya Amano, Violeta Berdejo-Espinola, Munemitsu Akasaka, et al.

Published: 2022-01-21
Subjects: Biodiversity, Communication, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Studies, Library and Information Science, Life Sciences, Publishing, Scholarly Publishing, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Consulting the best available evidence is key to successful conservation decision-making. While much scientific evidence on conservation continues to be published in non-English languages, a poor understanding of how non-English languages science contributes to conservation decision-making is causing global assessments and studies to practically ignore non-English-language literature. By [...]

For the few, not the many: local economic conditions constrain the large-scale management of invasive mosquitoes

Jacopo Cerri, Chiara Sciandra, Tania Contardo, et al.

Published: 2022-01-06
Subjects: Economics, Entomology, Environmental Studies, Life Sciences, Medicine and Health Sciences, Other Life Sciences, Other Medicine and Health Sciences, Public Economics, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Systems Biology

Invasive mosquitoes are an emerging ecological and sanitary issue. Many factors have been suggested as drivers or barriers to their control, still no study quantified their influence over mosquito management by local authorities, nor their interplay with local economic conditions. We assessed how multiple environmental, sanitary, and socio-economic factors affected the engagement of [...]

Direct Economic Inputs from Internationally Funded Science Projects to the Abaco Islands, The Bahamas

Craig A. Layman, Olivia Patterson Maura, Sean T. Giery, et al.

Published: 2021-12-06
Subjects: Communication, Environmental Studies, International and Intercultural Communication, Life Sciences, Other Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences

International expenditures for scientific research are important for small island developing nations, especially for those local communities that directly support research activities. We used the Abaco Islands, The Bahamas, as a case study to quantify the direct monetary inputs to a local economy via internationally-funded scientific research. We found that over two years the external monetary [...]

The Emergence and Persistence of Payments for Watershed Services Programs in Mexico

Kelly Jones

Published: 2021-11-19
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Payments for watershed services programs (PWS) have become a prominent tool to protect ecosystems and hydrological services but little is known about where these innovative financing tools and governance systems emerge and persist. In 2008, the Mexican government started a program where they match funding from local partners to establish user-financed PWS programs, leading to the creation of 145 [...]

Why understanding stakeholder perspectives and emotions is important in upland woodland creation – a case study from Cumbria, UK

Sara Vangerschov Iversen, Claire Holt, Naomi van der Velden, et al.

Published: 2021-10-15
Subjects: Community-based Research, Environmental Studies, Human Ecology, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Sociology

Upland regions in the United Kingdom (UK) are increasingly under consideration as potential areas for the creation of woodlands. This is driven by a combination of factors, including the aims of UK forestry and environmental policy to increase woodland cover, meeting international greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, agro-environment schemes in national and international policy, and an [...]

Impacts of woodland planting on nature-based recreational tourism in upland England – a case study

Sara Vangerschov Iversen, Claire Holt, Naomi van der Velden, et al.

Published: 2021-10-06
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Upland landscapes provide important ecosystem services (ES) to society. One cultural ES - nature-based recreational tourism (NBR) - is a growing industry in upland regions that provides an important revenue to areas where other industries are often in decline. NBR tourism is a service that relies partly on the aesthetic appearance of the landscape. Changes in land management, such as increasing [...]

Make natures role visible to achieve the SDGs

Dave Hole, Pamela Collins, Anteneh Tesfaw, et al.

Published: 2021-09-07
Subjects: Agriculture, Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Economics, Environmental Studies, Forest Sciences, Life Sciences, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Central to the premise of the Sustainable Development Goals is the concept that the environment underpins the economic and social dimensions of development, yet the language and structure of the SDG framework are largely blind to these environment-development relationships beyond the "nature" Goals (14 and 15). As a result, ecosystem health continues to decline, development milestones lag, and [...]

Recognize diverse approaches to area-based conservation of nature

Siyu Qin, Yifan He, Rachel E. Golden Kroner, et al.

Published: 2021-08-24
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Other Social and Behavioral Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences

To conserve nature globally, policies and practices must recognize the contribution of diverse environmental governance systems to nature stewardship.

Nature’s contributions in coping with a pandemic in the 21st century: A narrative review of evidence during COVID-19

S M Labib, Matthew Browning, Alessandro Rigolon, et al.

Published: 2021-08-10
Subjects: Environmental Public Health, Environmental Studies, Geography, Medicine and Health Sciences, Mental and Social Health, Nature and Society Relations, Public Health, Social and Behavioral Sciences

While COVID-19 lockdowns have slowed coronavirus transmission, such structural measures also have unintended consequences on mental and physical health. Growing evidence shows that exposure to the natural environment (e.g., blue-green spaces) can improve human health and wellbeing. In this narrative review, we synthesized the evidence about natures contributions to health and wellbeing during the [...]

Social Equity Outcomes in Ethiopia

Bethlehem Astella Abebe, Kelly Jones

Published: 2021-06-10
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Community-based conservation (CBC), albeit lauded as a more just alternative than command-and-control conservation approaches, is riddled by equity concerns. This study measures perceptions of equity and examines how household, institutional, and program design characteristics affect multiple dimensions of equity in a CBC program in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia. Informed by a prior in-depth [...]

Comment on ‘Carbon intensity of corn ethanol in the United States: state of the science’

Seth Spawn-Lee, Tyler J. Lark, Holly Gibbs, et al.

Published: 2021-05-07
Subjects: Agricultural and Resource Economics, Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Science, Agriculture, Agronomy and Crop Sciences Life Sciences, Biogeochemistry, Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Energy Policy, Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment, Environmental Policy, Environmental Sciences, Environmental Studies, Geography, Life Sciences, Oil, Gas, and Energy, Physical and Environmental Geography, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Plant Sciences, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Soil Science, Sustainability

Scully et al [1] in their recent contribution review and revise past life cycle assessments (LCAs) of corn-grain ethanol’s carbon (C) intensity to suggest that a current ‘central best estimate’ is considerably less than all prior estimates. Their conclusion emerges from selection and recombination of sector-specific greenhouse gas emission predictions from disparate studies in a way that [...]

COVID-19 and Small-scale fisheries in Africa: Impacts on livelihoods and the fish value chain in Cameroon and Liberia

Richard Nyiawung, Raymond K. Ayilu, Neville N. Suh, et al.

Published: 2021-04-15
Subjects: Environmental Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences

This study explores the emerging impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on coastal small-scale fishing communities in Cameroon and Liberia, where we conducted qualitative interviews with small-scale fish harvesters, fish processors, traders, and consumers. We found that the implementation of COVID-19 safety and health protocol initiatives impacted the entire fish value chain, which contributed to [...]

Conserving rhinos by legal trade: Insights from a choice experiment on rhino horn consumers

Hoai Nam Dang Vu, Martin Reinhardt Nielsen, Jette Bredahl Jacobsen

Published: 2021-04-12
Subjects: Agricultural and Resource Economics, Economic Theory, Economics, Environmental Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences

A legal rhino horn trade is suggested to reduce poaching. To examine this proposition we conducted a choice experiment with 345 rhino horn consumers in Vietnam investigating their preferences for legality, source, price and peer experience of medicinal efficacy as attributes in their decision to purchase rhino horn. We calculated consumers’ willingness to pay for each attribute level. Consumers [...]

Supporting actionable science for environmental policy: Advice for funding agencies from decision makers

Elizabeth A Nyboer, Vivian Nguyen, Nathan Young, et al.

Published: 2021-04-01
Subjects: Environmental Policy, Environmental Studies, Life Sciences, Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration, Social and Behavioral Sciences

Successful incorporation of scientific knowledge into environmental policy and decisions is a significant challenge. Although studies on how to bridge the knowledge-action gap have grown rapidly over the last decade, few have investigated the roles, responsibilities, and opportunities for funding bodies to meet this challenge. In this study we present a set of criteria gleaned from interviews [...]

Applying the FEW nexus concept at the local scale

Henry P. Huntington, Jennifer Schmidt, Philip A. Loring, et al.

Published: 2021-04-01
Subjects: Civil and Environmental Engineering, Engineering, Environmental Studies, Social and Behavioral Sciences

The food-energy-water (FEW) nexus describes interactions among domains that yield gains or tradeoffs when analyzed together rather than independently. In a project about renewable energy in rural Alaska communities, we applied this concept to examine the implications for sustainability and resilience. The FEW nexus provided a useful framework for identifying the cross-domain benefits of renewable [...]

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