Bacterial Subcellular Architecture, Structural Epistasis, and Antibiotic Resistance

This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12050640. This is version 2 of this Preprint.

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Authors

Fernando Baquero, Jose-Luis Martínez, Alvaro Sanchez, Miguel D. Fernandez-de-Bobadilla, Alvaro San-Millán, Jeronimo Rodríguez-Beltrán

Abstract

Epistasis refers to how genetic interactions between some genetic loci affect phenotypes and fitness. In this study, we propose the concept “structural epistasis” to emphasize the role of the variable physical interactions between molecules located at particular spaces inside the bacterial cell in the emergence of novel phenotypes. The architecture of the bacterial cell (typically a gram-negative), which consists of concentrical layers of membranes, particles, and molecules with differing con-figurations and densities (from the outer membrane to the nucleoid) determines and is at its turn determined by the cell´s shape and size, depending on the growth phases, and exposure to toxic conditions, stress responses, and the bacterial environment. Antibiotics change the bacterial cell’s internal molecular topology, producing unexpected interactions among molecule. In contrast, changes in shape and size might alter antibiotic action. The mechanisms of antibiotic resistance (and their vectors, as mobile genetic elements) also influence molecular connectivity in the bacterial cell and can produce unexpected phenotypes, influencing the action of other antimicrobial agents.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.32942/X22C7P

Subjects

Life Sciences, Medicine and Health Sciences

Keywords

Bacterial subcellular architecture; Structural epistasis; Cellular shape and volume; Antibiotic mode of action; Antibiotic Resistance

Dates

Published: 2023-03-21 05:58

Last Updated: 2023-03-21 09:58

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License

CC BY Attribution 4.0 International

Additional Metadata

Conflict of interest statement:
None

Data and Code Availability Statement:
Not applicable