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Preprints

There are 2238 Preprints listed.

Uncovering the hidden niche: incorporating microclimate temperature into species distribution models

Stef Haesen, Jonathan Lenoir, Eva Gril, et al.

Published: 2023-05-11
Subjects: Life Sciences

Species’ environmental niches are conventionally modelled using coarse-grained macroclimate data. These data are known to deviate substantially from local, near-ground and proximal conditions (i.e., the microclimate), especially so below forests canopies. Here we aimed to assess the impact of using gridded microclimate data instead of gridded macroclimate data on the performance of species [...]

Towards understanding the impact of mycorrhizal fungal environments on the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems.

Olivier Nouwen, Francois Rineau, Petr Kohout, et al.

Published: 2023-05-11
Subjects: Life Sciences

Mutualistic interactions between plants and soil fungi, mycorrhizae, control carbon and nutrient fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. Soil of ecosystems featuring a particular type of mycorrhiza exhibit specific properties across multiple dimensions of soil functioning. The knowledge about the impacts of mycorrhizal fungi on soil functioning accumulated so far, indicates that these impacts are of [...]

The “faulty male” hypothesis: implications for evolution and disease

Matthew Hahn, Yadira Peña-Garcia, Richard J Wang

Published: 2023-05-11
Subjects: Life Sciences

Biological differences between males and females lead to many differences in physiology, disease, and overall health. One of the most prominent disparities is in the number of germline mutations passed to offspring: human males transmit three times as many mutations as do females. While the classic explanation for this pattern invokes differences in post-puberty germline replication between the [...]

Using Machine Learning to Link Climate, Phylogeny and Leaf Traits in Eucalypts Through a 50-fold Expansion of Current Leaf Trait Datasets

Karina Guo, William K Cornwell, Jason Grant Bragg

Published: 2023-05-05
Subjects: Life Sciences

Leaf size varies within and between species, and previous work has linked this variation to the environment and evolutionary history separately. However, many previous studies fail to interlink both factors and are often data limited. To address this, our study developed a new workflow using machine learning to automate the extraction of leaf traits (leaf area, largest in-circle area and leaf [...]

Resolving large-scale genome evolution in the high-throughput sequencing era: structural variants, genome rearrangement, and karyotype dynamics in animals

Célian Diblasi, Nicola Jane Barson, Marie Saitou

Published: 2023-05-05
Subjects: Life Sciences

Genomic structural variation, genomic rearrangements and karyotype variants are important components on which evolution acts in addition to single nucleotide variants, which are the most common type of variant being studied since the rise of next generation sequencing. These variants have unique mutational mechanisms and evolutionary consequences compared to single nucleotide variants. Here we [...]

Individualisation and individualised science across disciplinary perspectives

Marie I. Kaiser, Anton Killin, Anja-Kristin Abendroth, et al.

Published: 2023-05-05
Subjects: Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Economics, Medical Sciences, Philosophy, Psychology, Public Health, Sociology

Recent efforts in a range of scientific fields have emphasised research and methods concerning individual differences and individualisation. This article brings together various scientific disciplines—ecology, evolution, and animal behaviour; medicine and psychiatry; public health and sport/exercise science; sociology; psychology; economics and management science—and presents their research on [...]

Beyond Darwin: General Theory of Evolution of Everything - From the origin of life to the market economy

Erhard Glötzl

Published: 2023-05-05
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences

The basic concern of the general theory of evolution is to understand the entire evolution from the origin of life to the biological, technological, social, and economic structures of the present from a unified point of view and structure. The general theory of evolution can be seen as a comprehensive generalization and extension of Darwin's theory of evolution. It goes far beyond [...]

The Importance of Representative Sampling for Home Range Estimation in Field Primatology

Odd Thomas Jacobson, Brendan Barrett, Margaret Crofoot, et al.

Published: 2023-05-04
Subjects: Behavior and Ethology, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Understanding the amount of space required by animals to fulfill their biological needs is essential for comprehending their behavior, their ecological role within their community, and for effective conservation planning and resource management. Habituated primates are often studied using handheld GPS data, which provides detailed movement information that can link patterns of ranging and [...]

Improving ecological connectivity assessments with transfer learning and function approximation

Michael D Catchen, Michelle Lin, Timothée Poisot, et al.

Published: 2023-05-04
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Biodiversity, Environmental Monitoring, Numerical Analysis and Computation, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Statistical Models, Sustainability

This is a conference paper presented at the ICLR 2023 "Machine Learning for Remote Sensing" workshop. Protecting and restoring ecological connectivity is essential to climate change adaptation, and necessary if species are to shift their geographic distributions to track their suitable climatic conditions over the coming century. Despite the increasing availability of near real-time and high [...]

Building a Queer- and Trans-Inclusive Microbiology Conference

Rachel Gregor, Julie Johnston, Lisa Shu Yang Coe, et al.

Published: 2023-05-03
Subjects: Gender Equity in Education, Microbiology

Microbiology conferences can be powerful places to build collaborations and exchange scientific thought, but for queer and transgender (trans) scientists they can also become sources of alienation and isolation. Many conference organizers would like to create welcoming and inclusive events but feel ill-equipped to make this vision a reality, and a historical lack of representation of queer and [...]

Population decline reduces cooperative breeding in a spatially heterogenous population of superb fairy-wrens

Fiona Backhouse, Helen L. Osmond, Bruce Doran, et al.

Published: 2023-05-03
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences

1. Reproductive performance in birds can be affected by both social environment and small-scale environmental heterogeneity via food abundance, availability of nesting sites, and predation risk. However, to date, the best studies of effects of microhabitat variation on avian populations have been on northern hemisphere passerines using nestboxes, where birds have limited control over nest sites [...]

Acoustic evidence for seasonal migration by a top predator of the deep sea

William K Oestreich, Kelly J Benoit-Bird, Briana Abrahms, et al.

Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Life Sciences

In ecosystems influenced by strong seasonal variation in insolation, the fitness of diverse taxa depends on seasonal movements to track resources along latitudinal or elevational gradients. Deep pelagic ecosystems, where sunlight is extremely limited, represent Earth’s largest habitable space and yet ecosystem phenology and effective animal movement strategies in these systems are little [...]

Morphological and anatomical characterization of extrafloral nectaries of Opuntia streptacantha and Ferocactus recurvus (Cactaceae)

Mario A. Sandoval Molina, Simón Morales-Rodríguez, Mariusz Krzysztof Janczur

Published: 2023-04-28
Subjects: Life Sciences

Background: The Cactaceae family displays remarkable diversity in the morphology of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs). Despite their taxonomic, ecological, and evolutionary significance, their anatomy and morphology are poorly understood. Questions: How are the morphological and anatomical attributes of extrafloral nectaries in Opuntia streptacantha and Ferocactus recurvus? Studied species: Opuntia [...]

Conservation macrogenetics

Chloé Schmidt, Sean M. Hoban, Walter Jetz

Published: 2023-04-27
Subjects: Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Genetic diversity is a core aspect of biodiversity that has been underrepresented in global conservation policy but is gaining rapidly increasing recognition. Conservation geneticists have traditionally focused on identifying, managing, and safeguarding the adaptive potential of specific populations or species. However, for almost all species, conservation relevant, population-level genetic data [...]

Bioremediation by Chlorella vulgaris: Potentials for Treatment of Municipal, Agricultural, and Industrial Wastewater Sources

Lance Aldrin De Jesus Alberca, Shien Mae Arbilo, Laiza Mae Panaglima, et al.

Published: 2023-04-27
Subjects: Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

Developing countries such as the Philippines suffer from a lack of policy development and implementation on wastewater treatment and discharge. Chlorella vulgaris is a microscopic green algae that has been employed in other countries for WWT due to its ability to simultaneously reduce pollutants and produce valuable biomass. However, challenges in technology adaptation such as differential [...]

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