Preprints
There are 2217 Preprints listed.
Internet of Nature (IoN) and Time-Series Analysis for Ecosystem Conservation and Forecasting
Published: 2024-10-18
Subjects: Agriculture, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
Climate-linked escalation of societally disastrous wildfires
Published: 2024-10-18
Subjects: Earth Sciences, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Sciences
Climate change is forcing societies to contend with increasingly fire-prone ecosystems. Yet, despite evidence of more extreme fire seasons, evidence is lacking globally for trends in wildfires with socially and economically disastrous effects. Using a systematic dataset, we analyse the distribution, trends, and climatic conditions connected with the most lethal and costly wildfire disasters from [...]
Ambitions in national plans do not yet match bold international protection and restoration commitments
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Environmental Law, Environmental Sciences
Almost 200 nations have made bold commitments to halt biodiversity loss as signatories to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (‘GBF’). The effective achievement of the GBF relies on domestic targets and actions, reflected in National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (‘NBSAPs’). NBSAPS are an integral feature of the Convention on Biological Diversity (‘CBD’) framework, and [...]
Survival analysis of wildlife cameras exposed to theft
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Life Sciences
Setting camera traps along roads is often necessary for ecological research, yet these locations expose cameras to theft leading to substantial data losses. Measures to minimise this risk include placing cameras away from human settlements. However, the effects of this and other measures on camera-trap theft risk are yet to be quantified. Here, we assessed the impact of gates on roads, the [...]
Gaps in global alien plant trait data and how to fill them
Published: 2024-10-17
Subjects: Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology
Aim Functional traits help to understand the ecological processes underlying biological invasions. The extent to which trait data are available for alien plants at the global scale is unknown. In this study, we assess the availability of trait data and identify global gaps and biases Location Global Time Period Present Major taxa studied Vascular plants Methods We used the GloNAF database to get [...]
Should I stay or should I go: Transmission trade-offs in mobile genetic elements
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences, Microbiology
Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including temperate bacteriophages and conjugative plasmids, are major vectors of virulence and antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations. To maximize reproductive fitness, MGEs have to optimize horizontal and vertical transmission. Yet, the cost of horizontal transmission (e.g. phage lysis) puts these transmission modes at odds. Using virulence-transmission [...]
Urban bumblebees diversify their foraging strategy to maintain nutrient intake
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Entomology, Life Sciences
Anthropogenic ecosystems can alter individual functions and ecological processes such as resource use and species interactions. While variability on morphological traits involved in diet and resource use has been observed between urban and non-urban populations of pollinators, the consequences on the dietary and pollen transportation patterns remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the [...]
Acclimatisation affects synchrony in space use and the frequentation of multiple colonies in translocated Griffon Vultures (Gyps fulvus)
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Behavior and Ethology, Zoology
Translocations are fundamental for the conservation of large raptors, including Old-World vultures. Different release methods are usually assessed by comparing the movement patterns and survival of released individuals. However, these approaches fail to capture important aspects related to the gregarious behaviour of many vulture species. We compared the effect of long (15 months, n = 7) and [...]
Filosofía Fungi
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Arts and Humanities, Life Sciences
Muchos conceptos en ecología y evolución se han construido en base a observaciones zoológicas y, en menor medida, botánicas, mientras que una visión fúngica en estas áreas es prácticamente inexistente. Mucho menos se han indagado aspectos de la filosofía de la biología en base a los hongos. Sin embargo, en este artículo mostramos que dadas sus características particulares, el Reino Fungi [...]
The Fish Challenge to Vertebrate Cognitive Evolution
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Life Sciences
There is tremendous taxonomic variation in the size, shape, and structure of vertebrate brains. While many studies aim at identifying the ecological factors (social and environmental) that explain brain size variation within taxa, a more fundamental divide exists between endotherm and ectotherm vertebrates. Ectotherms have ten times smaller brains than endotherms. The existing hypotheses cannot [...]
Cooperation, status, and altruism in a mixed society of Amazonian parrots
Published: 2024-10-16
Subjects: Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Parrots are a highly intelligent taxon whose complex behaviors in wild societies require description. Here we observed 12 species of parrots, macaws, and parakeets in mixed flocks foraging on exposed cliffs in southeast Perú. For each species, we developed a single bootstrapped index of sociality from 9 derived metrics of abundance, chronology, functional roles, and agonistic interactions. This [...]
Towards repeated clear-cutting of boreal forests - a tipping point for biodiversity?
Published: 2024-10-15
Subjects: Life Sciences
Boreal forests are important carbon sinks and host a diverse array of species that provide important 14 ecosystem functions. Boreal forests have a long history of intensive forestry, in which even-aged 15 management with clear-cutting has been the dominating harvesting practice for the past 50–80 16 years. As a second cycle of clear-cutting is emerging, there is an urgent need to review the [...]
Land use change models that integrate quantitative and qualitative approaches better explain deforestation patterns in Amazonian protected areas
Published: 2024-10-14
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Environmental Studies
Agricultural frontiers in the Amazon Basin – many of which overlap with protected areas – experience rapid forest conversion to agriculture and pasture, threatening ecological health and globally significant ecosystem services. Effective responses to protected area deforestation require understanding the socio-environmental factors that increase the likelihood of forest conversion, which may be [...]
Cooperation in non-family groups as a strategy for reproducing in variable climates
Published: 2024-10-12
Subjects: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Life Sciences
The global climate is changing to be more extreme and less predictable, threatening many species. Cooperative breeding is more common under such conditions, indicating it may improve resilience to challenging climates. However, whether specific features of cooperative breeding systems, such as how groups form and how large they become, evolved to cope with particular climates is unclear. We test [...]
Revisiting Adaptive Introgression at the HLA Genes in Lithuanian Genomes with Machine Learning
Published: 2024-10-12
Subjects: Life Sciences