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A Unified Hypergraph- and SuperHyperGraph-Based Framework for Food Web Extension: From Classical Food Webs to SuperHyperWebs in Ecological Systems
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Authors
Takaaki Fujita 
Abstract
Hypergraphs generalize graphs by allowing hyperedges to join any number of vertices, while superhypergraphs
further extend this idea by layering iterated powersets to capture hierarchical, self-referential connections.
A food web models an ecosystem as a directed graph whose nodes are species and whose edges represent
predator–prey interactions. In this paper, we introduce two novel extensions of classical food webs: the Food
HyperWeb, which encodes each predator’s entire prey set as a hyperedge, and the Food
DOI
https://doi.org/10.32942/X29S6M
Subjects
Applied Mathematics, Food Science, Life Sciences, Mathematics, Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Keywords
Graph, HyperGraph, SuperHyperGraph, food web
Dates
Published: 2025-07-01 12:21
Last Updated: 2025-07-01 12:21
License
CC BY Attribution 4.0 International
Additional Metadata
Conflict of interest statement:
None
Data and Code Availability Statement:
Not applicable
Language:
English
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