A geographical database of Iberian peatland and swob records

Raquel Fernandes , Miguel Geraldes, Guaduneth Chico, César Capinha

Recent efforts have compiled distribution data on Iberian Peninsula peatlands, however, the criteria used to characterise these ecosystems have often been derived from regions where peatlands are more extensive and typically occur under wetter climatic conditions. As a result, many peat-accumulating wetlands in this region were overlooked. Identifying and improving the distribution mapping of peatlands is crucial for their conservation and management. Here, we present an updated geographical dataset of peatlands and swobs —i.e. wetlands with a potential to form peat— of the Iberian Peninsula. Peatland and swob records in Portugal and Spain were compiled through an extensive literature review, also incorporating data from recently published Iberian peatland maps. Additionally, field surveys conducted between 2011–2015, 2018–2021, and 2023–2024 provided additional records. A total of 445 records were included in the database, representing the current knowledge on the distribution of Iberian peatlands and swobs. This dataset allows the identification of occurrence hotspots, highlights underrepresented regions, and provides a foundation for future research and conservation planning.