Loïc Prosnier 

There is a growing interest in the effects of noise pollution on marine ecosystems. To date, these works mainly focus on hearing species, especially fish and mammals. Because these species are generally at the upper trophic levels, key species from lower levels, like zooplankton species, are less studied under noise effects. Zooplankton is already used as bioindicators, to understand fluxes, ecological dynamics and global change effects; however, it remains a lack of knowledge on the effect of noise. Previous works demonstrate that they could detect vibrations. Consequently, noise is susceptible to affect the perception of their environment and to induce stress. Combining their short life cycle, their phylogenetic and ecological diversity, zooplankton could be useful organisms to understand a diversity of noise effects. They can be used to study the effects at individual scales as modifications of physiology, development, and behavior. Responses, that could change species interactions and population dynamics, are expected to lead to larger scale implications (i.e., alterations of food webs dynamics and ecosystem functioning). Here, we bring out, from studies in ecology, ecotoxicology, and parasitology, methods that can be adapted to our current questions. We might expect further development of acoustic studies on zooplankton, in order to better apprehend how anthropogenic noises affect marine environments.