This is a Preprint and has not been peer reviewed. The published version of this Preprint is available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00239-023-10122-3. This is version 1 of this Preprint.
Alternative reading frames are an underappreciated source of protein sequence novelty
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Authors
Zachary Ardern 
Abstract
Alternative reading frames of protein coding genes are a major contributor to the evolution of novel protein products. Recent studies demonstrating this include examples across the three domains of cellular life and in viruses. Alternative frame sequences both increase the number of trials available for the evolutionary invention of new genes and have unusual properties which may facilitate gene origin. The structure of the standard genetic code contributes to the features and gene-likeness of some alternative frame sequences. These findings have important implications across diverse areas of molecular biology, including for genome annotation, structural biology, and evolutionary genomics.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.32942/X2G01B
Subjects
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Evolution, Genetics and Genomics, Genomics, Life Sciences
Keywords
de novo gene origin, frameshifting, genetic code, overlapping genes, alternative frame sequences
Dates
Published: 2022-12-05 05:34
License
CC-BY Attribution-No Derivatives 4.0 International
Additional Metadata
Data and Code Availability Statement:
Not applicable
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