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How cities lock in biodiversity persistence, recovery, and decline
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Abstract
Cities are expanding biodiversity plans, restoration projects, green infrastructure, corridors, and nature-based solutions. This Perspective defines biodiversity lock-ins as self-reinforcing urban pathways that make it difficult to reverse biodiversity persistence, recovery, or decline. It contributes a durability lens that links six urban mechanisms with biodiversity-specific features, including spatial dependency, ecological delay, recovery thresholds, and teleconnected impacts. The framework identifies intervention windows, keystone mechanisms, and strategies for redirecting urban systems toward durable biodiversity persistence and recovery.
DOI
https://doi.org/10.32942/X22D6N
Subjects
Life Sciences, Social and Behavioral Sciences
Keywords
biodiversity lock-ins, urban biodiversity, path dependence, social–ecological systems, nature-positive cities
Dates
Published: 2026-06-14 20:27
Last Updated: 2026-06-14 20:27
License
CC-By Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Additional Metadata
Conflict of interest statement:
None
Data and Code Availability Statement:
No datasets were generated or analyzed for this Perspective.
Language:
English
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